Antibiotiki. 1982 Nov;27(11):840-2.
[Organ and species factor in the phenomenon of tetracycline interaction with animal subcellular fractions]

[Article in Russian]

Guliaev AE, Nadirova BA, Kivman GIa.

Binding of the tetracyclines by the cell components of various organs of rats was studied comparatively. It was shown that binding of the tetracyclines by the subcellular fractions was decreasing as follows: the liver, the heart, the kidneys. The mitochondria were the fraction most actively binding the antibiotics. For determination of the features of this process the characteristics of tetracycline binding by the liver organoids of the rats and rabbits were compared. The quantitative indices of binding of the tetracyclines by the cell components of the rats and rabbits were rather similar.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7181468&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




Endod Dent Traumatol. 1998 Oct;14(5):216-20.
Effect of systemic tetracycline and amoxicillin on inflammatory root resorption of replanted dogs' teeth.

Sae-Lim V, Wang CY, Trope M.

Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.

The use of systemic penicillin after an avulsion injury has been recommended as a way to decrease the occurrence of resorption complications. Our previous study has shown systemic tetracycline to possess anti-resorptive properties independent of potential anti-bacterial actions. The purpose of this study was to compare histologically the effectiveness of tetracycline and amoxicillin in limiting inflammatory root resorption (IR) secondary to pulpal infection, in replanted dogs' teeth. Thirty root canals in five dogs were infected with plaque. The roots were extracted, the lingual mid-roots were shaved with a fissure bur ensuring cemental damage and immediately replanted. Dogs were given either tetracycline hydrochloride or amoxicillin, administered orally, on the day of extraction and replantation and for the following 6 days. The control group was teeth in these animals treated in the same manner but where no antibiotics were given. After approximately 6 months, the dogs were sacrificed and the teeth prepared for histologic evaluation. The shaved root surface was identified in cross-sections and eight equidistant points along the cut root surface were evaluated for healing (H) or IR in eight sections per tooth. For the tetracycline group, H averaged 67.22% and IR 32.78%, which was not statistically different from the amoxicillin group with H averaging 56.88% and IR 43.12%. The tetracycline group was superior to the control group with H = 27.86% and IR = 72.14%. Since tetracycline has been shown to have anti-resorptive properties in addition to the antibacterial properties demonstrated here, it could be considered as an alternative to amoxicillin after avulsion injuries.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9855800&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




Obstet Gynecol. 1975 May;45(5):574-8.
Prophylactic use of tetracycline for first trimester abortions.

Hodgson JE, Major B, Portmann K, Quattlebaum FW.

Because the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic therapy has yet to be established and because numerous variables often hamper studies of such therapy, the results of prophylactic antibiotic therapy were studied in a homogeneous gynecologic population. The patients were 4000 women undergoing first trimester abortions. The surgical procedure, the gynecologists' skill, and the hospital environment were relatively uniform, as was the patient age range. Two groups of 1000 patients each received tetracycline; the other 2000 patients served as controls. The complications associated with abortion were then analyzed in those receiving tetracycline and in the 2000 controls. Complications were less frequent among patients receiving tetracycline. This finding supports the argument of those who favor the prophylactic use of antibiotics in the management of various high-risk surgical problems.

PIP: An evaluative study of the prophylactic use of tetracycline in 1st-trimester abortions is presented. 2 groups of 1000 patients received 1.5 gm of tetracycline hydrochloride, orally, 2-3 hours before the abortion procedure, followed by 500 mg every 6 hours for 4 days. 2 groups of 1000 patients served as controls. The patient population and operative conditions were relatively uniform. The total complication rates for the antibiotic groups were 3.4% and 2.9%, and 9.1% and 8.8% for the controls. 118 of the control group patients experienced major complications compared with 45 patients in the antibiotic group. The results tend to support the arguments for the use of antibiotics in managing high-risk surgical procedures.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1124176&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 29;51(3):697-703.
Residue analysis of tetracyclines and their metabolites in eggs and in the environment by HPLC coupled with a microbiological assay and tandem mass spectrometry.

Sczesny S, Nau H, Hamscher G.

Department of Food Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.

Tetracyclines are widely used in farm animals. This can cause drug residues in products of animal origin and, after excretion of these substances, in animal slurry and in soil fertilized with that slurry. In this paper, we present a method based on a microbiological assay coupled with HPLC for the detection of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline in eggs. After a simple liquid extraction of the samples and HPLC separation, fractions were collected on microtiter plates, and the tetracyclines were analyzed using the Staphylococcus aureus assay. This method was able to identify residues of tetracyclines in eggs at a level set by regulatory agencies (i.e., 200 microg/kg). In addition, it was shown that the described microbiological method can be used as a screening assay for the detection of tetracyclines and possible biologically active metabolites in animal slurry and soil samples. Employing the same extraction procedure, it was demonstrated that LC-MS-MS allowed the quantification of 20-400 microg/kg in eggs with recoveries ranging from 71 to 109% and RSDs of 3-15%.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12537444&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




J Clin Periodontol. 1992 Feb;19(2):146-9.
Cellular source and tetracycline-inhibition of gingival crevicular fluid collagenase of patients with labile diabetes mellitus.

Sorsa T, Ingman T, Suomalainen K, Halinen S, Saari H, Konttinen YT, Uitto VJ, Golub LM.

Department of Periodontology, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Accelerated periodontal tissue destruction in patients with labile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) and localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) has been suggested to be related to functional abnormalities of neutrophils. We have recently found that collagenase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adult periodontitis patients is primarily derived from neutrophils and that neutrophil collagenase activity is more sensitive to inhibition by tetracyclines than collagenase produced by fibroblasts. This study is to characterize the cellular sources, activation and inhibition of collagenase in GCF of DM patients and to compare it with collagenase in LJP GCF. We found differences which may have therapeutic implications. Specific doxycycline inhibition tests revealed that GCF collagenase in DM is derived from neutrophils, whereas the enzyme in LJP originates primarily from fibroblasts. Oxidant, sodium hypochlorite, activated efficiently GCF collagenase of DM but not LJP patients. In contrast, plasmin activated LJP GCF collagenase but not that of DM patients. In GCF of DM patients 50-60% of collagenase existed in an active form, whereas in LJP GCF, the enzyme was almost completely in a latent form. The results suggest that collagenase in GCF of periodontitis patients with labile DM is primarily derived from neutrophils and that tetracycline therapy may be an effective adjunct in treatment aimed at controlling the periodontal breakdown in these patients. On the other hand, in LJP the anti-collagenase property of tetracyclines may be less important for control of periodontal tissue destruction because of the tetracycline-resistance of fibroblast collagenase.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1318330&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




Can J Vet Res. 1988 Jan;52(1):5-11.
Pharmacokinetics of tetracycline in the domestic rabbit following intravenous or oral administration.

Percy DH, Black WD.

Department of Pathology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.

Tetracycline hydrochloride was administered to domestic rabbits using a single bolus by the intravenous and oral routes. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (150 mg/kg) administration. The effect of fasting for 12 h on the drug elimination kinetics after oral administration was evaluated. Tetracycline was added to the drinking water at 800 mg/L or 1600 mg/L. Drug and water intake and serum levels were monitored. Mean serum pharmacokinetic parameters following intravenous administration were; 0 intercept beta curve B (microgram/mL) = 7.5, rate of elimination from body -b (min-1) = 0.0058, half life elimination from body -t 1/2 b (min) = 120.0, wt(kg) = 3.2 determined using combined male and female data. Mean serum pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration (single bolus) were -B (microgram/mL) = 1.54 (full stomach) and 2.71 (empty stomach), b(min-1) = 0.0037 (full stomach) and 0.0035 (empty stomach), t 1/2 b (min) = 190.3 (full stomach) and 216.2 (empty stomach). Administration of tetracycline in the drinking water produced very low to nondetectable levels of drug in the serum, even at high dosage, and the 1600 mg/L drug concentration was accompanied by a significant drop in water intake. Thus, it is evident that concentrations of tetracycline of up to 1600 mg/L drinking water will not produce levels of antibiotic consistently detectable in the serum.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3349401&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




Am J Vet Res. 1979 Oct;40(10):1454-7.
Effect of long-term tetracycline exposure (drinking water additive) on antibiotic-resistance of aerobic gram-negative intestinal flora of rats.

Beaucage CM, Fox JG, Whitney KM.

A study was undertaken to determine the effect of 2 years of intermittent administration of tetracycline in drinking water on antibiotic resistance in the aerobic gram-negative enterobacteria of rats in a closed colony. The bacterial isolates examined were resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and streptomycin for intestinal organisms were similar in all of the animals, regardless of whether the animals were sampled while they were given drinking water with added tetracycline or at intervals of 3, 8, and 9 months after the antibiotic was no longer added to the drinking water. Biochemical examination of the isolates from each principal showed that Escherichia coli was the predominant enteric organism. In conjugation experiments, all E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated transferred tetracycline and streptomycin resistance to an E coli K-12 recipient. Four different strains of rats that had not been treated with tetracycline (controls) were examined for tetracycline resistance. Tetracycline-resistant Proteus mirabilis was isolated from the intestines of these animals. Plasmid-mediated resistance could not be demonstrated. The E coli and P vulgaris isolates from these control animals were susceptible to tetracycline.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=393143&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline




Poult Sci. 1985 Dec;64(12):2273-9.
Pharmacokinetics of tetracycline in chickens after intravenous administration.

Anadon A, Martinez-Larranaga MR, Diaz MJ.

Plasma levels of tetracycline in chickens were determined after intravenous (iv) administration of a 65-mg/kg dose. The disposition kinetics of tetracycline in chickens were fitted to a two-compartment open model. Pharmacokinetic parameters were found to be: A (microgram/ml) = 2000 +/- 450, alpha (hr-1) = 4.3 +/- .5, B (microgram/ml) = 82 +/- 6, beta (hr-1) = .252 +/- .009, K12 (hr-1) = 1.515, K21 (hr-1) = .049, and K10 (hr-1) = 2.652. Biliary excretion of tetracycline was also studied in chickens fitted with cannulae inserted into both bile ducts. The maximum values for tetracycline biliary excretion rate (407 and 606 micrograms/hr) were reached at about 1 hr after iv administration of 10- and 15-mg/kg doses. First-order rate constants for the biliary excretion, Kbi (hr-1), were .834 and .665, respectively. The cumulative biliary excretion study showed that about 7% of both administered doses was recovered from the bile within the first 6 hr. In contrast, there was a low recovery of antibiotic in the bile after oral administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg doses.

Source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4095063&dopt=Abstract antibiotics, tetracycline