Kenalog
[Triamcinolone acetonide in the prevention of experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy]

[Article in Chinese]

Liang HC, Hui YN, Cai YS.

Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital 4th Military Medical University, Xi-an.

Macrophages were used to induce an experimental model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) for the evaluation of drug efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide in the prevention of PVR. After injection of macrophages into the rabbit vitreous, 1 mg of triamcinolone and 0.1 ml saline, respectively, were also injected into the vitreous of the treated group and the control group. Afterwards, on the 28th day, retinal detachment developed in 77% of the eyes in the control group and in 13% of the eyes in the treated group (n = 30, P < 0.01). The time of triamcinolone being cleared up from the vitreous was 35-63 days (average 45.5 days). Electroretinogram and transmission electron microscopic examinations demonstrated that up to 4 mg of triamcinolone was nontoxic to the retina. The results suggest that during inflammatory stage, the use of triamcinolone effectively and safely prevent the development of PVR.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8001444&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog



Kenalog
Topical glucocorticosteroids modulate the expression of CRABP I and II in human skin differently.

Piletta P, Jaconi S, Siegenthaler G, Didierjean L, Saurat JH.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Geneva Switzerland.

Epidermal cells express two retinotic acid-binding proteins (CRABP I and II). Because CRABP II protein is strongly induced by topical retinoic acid, the respective roles of the two proteins in the pharmacological activity and toxicity of topical retinoids deserve particular attention. Since topical steroids diminish the irritation induced by retinoic acid (RA), whereas retinoic acid may counteract the atrophogenic effects of steroids, the possible interplay of both compounds in the expression of CRABP I and II appeared worth studying. We have analyzed the effects of topical application of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on the retinoic acid-induced altered expression of CRABP I and II in normal human skin, at the protein and mRNA levels. We found that CRABP II protein and mRNA were strongly increased upon retinoic acid application: this induction was significantly inhibited by concomitant application of triamcinolone acetonide; a more potent steroid, difluocortolone valerate, was also found to diminish normal endogenous expression of CRABP II. In contrast, CRABP I protein was decreased by topical retinoic acid, and the down modulating effect of retinoic acid was counteracted by triamcinolone acetonide.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8061932&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog



Kenalog
Intra-articular therapy of experimental arthritis with a derivative of triamcinolone acetonide incorporated in liposomes.

Lopez-Garcia F, Vazquez-Auton JM, Gil F, Latoore R, Moreno F, Villalain J, Gomez-Fernandez JC.

Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Spain.

Triamcinolone acetonide-21-palmitate was synthesized and incorporated into liposomes for intra-articular treatment of an experimentally-induced arthritis in the knee joints of rabbits. The liposomal formulation was more efficient than free triamcinolone acetonide in solution in suppressing the arthritis. Using radioactive tracers, it was found that triamcinolone acetonide-21-palmitate incorporated into liposomes was retained in the articular cavity, together with the liposomal lipids, for a much longer period than free triamcinolone acetonide, and this correlated with its anti-inflammatory effect.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8103110&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog



Kenalog
Effect of high-dose intramuscular triamcinolone in older adults with severe, chronic asthma.

McGivney SA, Ogirala RG.

Lenox Hill Medical Center, New York, New York 10021.

Life threatening asthma is a serious condition that is often difficult to treat. Often, despite maximal medical therapies, these patients remain functionally crippled. In addition, older patients are even more susceptible to asthma as they are less able to adapt to or tolerate the symptoms. In this paper we report the effectiveness of a new treatment regimen of high-dose intramuscular triamcinolone (360 mg) in 7 elderly patients with severe, chronic, steroid-dependent asthma. Each patient was given one intramuscular injection of 360 mg of triamcinolone (Kenalog) after maximizing traditional medicines. All 7 patients experienced resolution of their asthma symptoms within 1 week of receiving this injection. They showed marked functional improvement in their activities of daily living, and independence. Six of seven progressed from being homebound to walking, shopping, and grooming without restriction. All had a corresponding rise in peak expiratory flow rates ranging between 25 and 93%. In addition, all were able to stop taking their daily oral prednisone. Response durations ranged from 3 to 24 months. In the 6 patients who experienced relapse, all requested and received a second injection, with similar positive outcomes. Some experienced transient weakness and diabetes during the first week of the therapy but all elected to receive additional shots when they experienced break-through wheezing. Thus, we feel that high-dose intramuscular triamcinolone should be considered as a therapeutic option for a highly select group of older steroid-dependent asthma patients.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8114514&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog



Kenalog
[Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor interaction with non-steroidal drugs]

[Article in Russian]

Golikov PP, Nikolaeva NIu.

The Scatchard analysis of the specific binding of triamcinolone 3H-acetonide (TA-3HA) to Type II glucocorticoid receptors of cytosol from the liver of female Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g has shown that emoxipin at concentrations of 1 and 2 mM and analgin at concentrations of 5 and 10 mM reduce the density of glucocorticoid receptors and the association constant of a hormone-receptor complex. Analgin, 5 mM, increases the dissociation velocity constant of TA-3HA 5 times the effect of unlabeled triamcinolone acetonide. Emoxipin, 1 mM, produces the same effect on the receptor dissociation velocity constant of TA-3HA as the unlabeled triamcinolone acetonide. The Berke analysis has established that emoxipin and analgin reduce glucocorticoid receptor interactions by uncompetitive inhibition.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8183614&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog



Kenalog
Possible benefits of triamcinolone-assisted pars plana vitrectomy for retinal diseases.

Enaida H, Hata Y, Ueno A, Nakamura T, Hisatomi T, Miyazaki M, Fujisawa K, Sakamoto T, Ishibashi T.

Department of Ophthlamology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan.

PURPOSE: To study the advantages and complications of triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-assisted pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for various retinal diseases. METHODS: This report is an interventional case series and nonrandomized study. One hundred seventy-seven eyes from 158 patients underwent PPV with or without TA. Group TA(+) consisted of 94 eyes and group TA(-) consisted of 83 eyes. The improvement in vision and postoperative complications were prospectively studied. RESULTS: Sixty-two percent of the eyes in group TA(+) and 49% of the eyes in group TA(-) had improved vision after surgery (P = 0.34). Twelve eyes in group TA(+) and 12 eyes in group TA(-) had an intraocular pressure higher than 21 mmHg after the operation, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.63). Four eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in group TA(+) and five eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in group TA(-) needed an additional filtering surgery. Group TA(+) (five eyes) had a lower incidence (P = 0.041) of reoperation caused by preretinal fibrous membrane formation than group TA(-) (13 eyes). No apparent corneal disorder or infectious signs were found in any eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Triamcinolone acetonide-assisted PPV appears to be potentially useful to reduce the incidence of reoperation owing to preretinal fibrosis with no serious complications.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14707824&dopt=Abstract triamcinolone Kenalog