Vermox
Effects of the anthelmintics clorsulon, rafoxanide, mebendazole and arprinocid on Echinostoma caproni in ICR mice [corrected and reapublished in J Helminthol 1996 Mar;70(1):95-6]

Maurer K, Decere M, Fried B.

Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Eston, Pennsylvania 18042, USA.

Female ICR mice, 5 to 6 weeks old, were exposed by stomach tube to 25 metacercarial cysts of Echinostoma caproni per mouse. At 14 days post-exposure, mice were fed by stomach tube clorsulon (1000 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) or rafoxanide (50 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) carrier and mebendazole (1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) or arprinocid (100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) suspended in a 2:1 polyethylene glycol (PEG)/DMSO carrier. All drugs were obtained from Merck Inc. (Rahway, New Jersey, USA) and only single dose regimes were used. Experimentally infected mice that served as controls received either DMSO or 2:1 PEG/DMSO carriers or were not given the carrier. Mice were necropsied 15v, 16, 18 and 20 days postexposure to worms. Doses of 100 mg/kg of clorsulon and 50 mg/kg of rafoxanide were 100% effective in eliminating the echinostomes on day 1 post-administration of the anthelmintics. Mebendazole and arprinocid were ineffective in eliminating worms at 1 or 2 days post drug administration.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8583133&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox



Vermox
Liquid chromatographic determination of mebendazole and its metabolites, aminomebendazole and hydroxymebendazole, in eel muscle tissue.

Hajee CA, Haagsma N.

University of Utrecht, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of the Science of Food of Animal Origin, The Netherlands.

An analytical method is presented for liquid chromatographic (LC) determination of mebendazole (MBZ), hydroxymebendazole (MBZ-OH), and aminomebendazole (MBZ-NH2) in eel muscle tissue. Muscle tissue is extracted with ethyl acetate at pH 7.5. After addition of n-hexane, the extract is cleaned up and concentrated on an aminopropyl solid-phase extraction column. The test solutions are analyzed isocratically on a ChromSpher B LC column with acetonitrile-phosphate buffer, pH 6.2, as mobile phase. Limits of detection and quantitation were 0.7 and 1.1 micrograms/kg, respectively, for MBZ-OH; 1.4 and 2.3 micrograms/kg, respectively, for MBZ; and 1.5 and 2.1 micrograms/kg, respectively, for MBZ-NH2- Interand intraday coefficients of variation were 3.5 and 3.4%, respectively, for MBZ-OH; 2.5 and 3.1%, respectively, for MBZ; and 5.8 and 4.8%, respectively, for MBZ-NH2. Mean recoveries were 90% for MBZ, 74% for MBZ-NH2, and 92% for MBZ-OH. A linear range of applicability of at least 10-1000 micrograms/kg was found for each analyte. Incurred MBZ-NH2 (181.3 micrograms/kg) was identified in eel muscle tissue apart from MBZ (23.7 micrograms/kg) after 48 h exposure in a treatment bath containing MBZ at 1 mg/L.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8634533&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox



Vermox
Effects of mebendazole on protein biosynthesis and secretion in human-derived fibroblast cultures.

Soto H, Masso F, Cano S, Diaz de Leon L.

Laboratorio de Tejido Conjuntivo, Departamento de Biologia del Desarrollo, Universidad nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico D.F.

Previous results of our group revealed that mebendazole, a broad spectrum anthelmintic drug with antimicrotubular properties, used for the treatment of liver cirrhosis, decreased total collagen content and biosynthesis in liver upon treatment. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of mebendazole (5-50 micrograms/mL) on protein synthesis, secretion, and deposition in human-derived fibroblast cultures. The results showed a decrease in cell viability (18.5 +/- 0.9%) at 50 micrograms/mL. [3H]Thymidine incorporation diminished gradually with increasing mebendazole concentrations, reaching a plateau (53.67%) between 30 and 50 micrograms/mL. In late logarithmic phase cultures, the drug caused a decrease of [3H]proline incorporation (43.10%) and collagen biosynthesis (58.61%) in the extracellular matrix. This correlated with an increase in radioactivity in total proteins (51.28%) of the intracellular fraction. Similar results were obtained when mebendazole was assayed in post-confluent fibroblast cultures. The electrophoretic patterns of the extracellular matrix showed a decrease of radioactive collagenous components (alpha chains and beta dimers). By contrast, in the intracellular fraction an increase of radioactive collagen precursors (pro alpha chains) was observed. Immunofluorescence studies and immunotransfer analysis, using polyclonal anti-type I collagen antibodies, revealed an accumulation of intracellular collagen which included: collagen pro alpha chains, alpha chains, and low molecular weight peptides. The results obtained suggest that mebendazole interferes with the transcellular mobilization of proteins, resulting in a decrease of secretion and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, and an accumulation of intracellular collagenous components. The intracellular accumulation of newly synthesized proteins could cause a feedback regulation in fibroblast cultures.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8694854&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox



Vermox
Effect of mebendazole and ivermectin in experimental hepatic capillariasis: parasitological, scanning electron microscopy and immunological studies.

El Gebaly MW, Nassery SF, El Azzouni MZ, Hammouda NA, Allam SR.

Department of Parasitology, Alexandria University, Egypt.

In this study, mebendazole and ivermectin were tried during three different phases of C. hepatica infection. At an early phase, when immature forms were present both drugs were effective in causing destruction and degeneration of the larvae, thus preventing subsequent growth and maturation and consequently the complete absence of eggs. During the second phase, which is found to be the most critical period the two drugs used led to degeneration and resorption of most of adult worms. In the third phase both mebendazole and ivermectin were effective in decreasing the mean number of eggs. After treatment the topographic changes were in the form of disorganized cuticle of the worms and absence of surface uniformity. Such a disorganized cuticle is vulnerable to be attacked. C. hepatica eggs showed irregularities and longitudinal grooves indicated shrinkage of the shell. The effect of the two drugs indicate that both of them were effective in the treatment of hepatic capillariasis.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8721247&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox



Vermox
In vitro stress response to elevated temperature, hydrogen peroxide and mebendazole in Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae.

Martinez J, Perez-Serrano J, Bernadina WE, Rodriguez-Caabeiro F.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. francisco.martinez alcala.es

Three stimuli, elevated temperature, hydrogen peroxide and mebendazole, were compared for their ability to induce heat-shock responses in Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae (L1). In vitro effectiveness of each 'stressor' was evaluated by viability score, protein content and levels of hsp90, hsp70 and hsp60. Detection of the respective heat-shock proteins was done by Western blotting and the heat-shock proteins and quantitation of the immunoblots by image analysis. Exposure of L1 to elevated temperature (e.g. 45 degrees C, 2 h) had no measurable effect. However, exposure to hydrogen peroxide resulted in the induction of constitutive and higher mol. wt heat-shock proteins. In these experiments, heat-shock protein induction correlated strongly with other damage parameters, including loss of viability and increased mortality. Larvae stored in the presence of mebendazole showed no signs of damage. These data indicate that when L1 suffer damage through the action of stimuli, enhancement of heat-shock protein production and damage suffered are causally related.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10579433&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox



Vermox
Studies on the effect of fenbendazole and mebendazole on some enzymes of swine kidney worm Stephanurus dentatus.

Singh K, Kaushal P.

Pest and Parasite Research Laboratory, Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Bareilly College, India.

The effect of fenbendazole and mebendazole on the activity of some enzymes of the homogenates of swine kidney worm Stephanurus dentatus was investigated. Fenbendazole at 10(-5) M inhibited malate oxidation by 49% and 51% and oxaloacetate reduction by 33% and 40% whereas, mebendazole at 10(-5) M diminished malate oxidation by 25% and 35% and oxaloacetate reduction by 12% and 14% in male and female S. dentatus, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase activity was inhibited by 45% and 50% in male and female worm respectively by 10(-5) M fenbendazole. Aldolase activity in both male and female S. dentatus was inhibited by 10(-5) M fenbendazole and mebendazole. Fenbendazole at 10(-5) M caused moderate inhibition of acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterases but mebendazole did not show a significant effect on these enzymes. Cholinesterase activity was not affected significantly with either compound. The possible mode of action of the two compounds is compared.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8856948&dopt=Abstract mebendazole Vermox