On-line documentation of patient care orders. Attitudes of community pharmacists, university-based pharmacists, and students toward on-line information resources. Using pharmacists' documentation of clinical activities to reclaim employees and reposition the department. online pharmacy references

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Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care. 1995;:464-8.
On-line documentation of patient care orders.

Prophet CM.

Department of Nursing, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City 52242, USA.

The INFORMM NIS (Information Network For Online Retrieval & Medical Management Nursing Information System) provides on-line documentation of patient care orders. These orders, generated by the nurse or the physician, prescribe direct patient care and do not include interdepartmental orders such as laboratory, radiology, or pharmacy. The order charting functions support charting efficiency by defaulting previous responses so that the user enters only updates to earlier findings or new data. Available in tables maintained by NIS staff, charting responses provide decision support by suggesting valid results for each order. Using point-of-care devices, nursing staff chart patient data that are immediately available for review by all authorized members of the health care team. These data are printed automatically on computer-generated chart forms every twenty-four hours, but may be printed also on demand. Additionally, the patient data report, containing patient data entered on-line in the sixteen or twenty-four hours immediately preceding the print request, provides a summary that is useful for nurses' report and physicians' rounds.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8563325&dopt=Abstract

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Methods Inf Med. 1996 Jun;35(2):142-7.
Attitudes of community pharmacists, university-based pharmacists, and students toward on-line information resources.

Shumway JM, Jacknowitz AI, Abate MA.

School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA.

The study sought to explore the attitudes of community pharmacists, university-based pharmacists, and pharmacy students before and after exposure to computerized systems of on-line information services. A 42-item attitudinal survey was administered to 21 community pharmacists, 7 university clinical pharmacist faculty, and 17 senior pharmacy students, prior to and at the end of a year of access to Grateful Med and BRS Colleague. Few significant differences were noted among the participants at baseline. No significant interaction-effect differences for type of participant or system used were found. Participants were generally positive about computers in general, the accuracy of on-line information services, their impact on knowledge and confidence, and their usefulness for pharmacists.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8755387&dopt=Abstract

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Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1996 Feb 1;53(3):285-8.
Using pharmacists' documentation of clinical activities to reclaim employees and reposition the department.

McDaniel MR, DeJong DJ.

Methodist Medical Center, Dallas 75203, USA.

The use of documentation on pharmacist clinical activities to encourage greater hospital investment in a department is described. From 1983 through 1988, the number of full-time-equivalent (FTE) positions in the pharmacy department at a 468-bed medical center was reduced from 63 to 39.4. To cope with the challenge of a sharply reduced staff, the department established a permanent pharmacy-nursing task force, developed a pharmacy strategic plan, used total quality management, recruited the best staff possible when openings appeared, and held staff retreats. In addition, measures were taken to begin documenting all pharmacist clinical activities online. As data were accumulated, it became clear that more pharmacist involvement in patient care areas was needed and that more resources would be necessary to achieve that. Presentations were made to hospital administration to demonstrate the existing and potential contributions of the department; the presentations drew heavily on the clinical documentation. Formal reports were also submitted. As a result, the department received approval for a pharmacist career ladder, an increase of 1.6 pharmacist FTEs for the evening shift, a large salary-range adjustment for staff pharmacists, and an increase of 1 pharmacist FTE to focus on antimicrobial use. A pharmacy department successfully used documentation of its clinical activities to make a case to administration for reclaiming some of the pharmacist FTEs lost through downsizing.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8808025&dopt=Abstract

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