References: Laxative
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Dec;6(12):1011-9.
Colorectal epithelial cell proliferative kinetics and risk factors for colon cancer in sporadic adenoma patients.
Bostick RM, Fosdick L, Grandits GA, Lillemoe TJ, Wood JR, Grambsch P, Louis TA, Potter JD.
Department of Public Health Sciences-Epidemiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
Colorectal epithelial cell proliferative kinetics are altered in patients at increased risk for colon cancer: proliferation rates [labeling index (LI)] are higher and there is a shift of the proliferative zone from one confined to the lower 60% of the colonic crypt to one that includes the entire crypt (higher phi(h)). To assess factors associated with LI and phi(h), we performed a cross-sectional analysis using baseline rectal mucosal biopsies from sporadic adenoma patients participating in a chemoprevention trial. Biopsies (taken without preparatory cleansing) were taken 10 cm above the level of the anus, and proliferation was assessed by detection of endogenous S-phase-associated proliferating cell nuclear antigen by immunohistochemical methods. High-quality, scorable biopsies were obtained for 115 patients, and using analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression, the LI and phi(h) were evaluated in relation to diet and other lifestyle factors, demographics, anthropometrics, family history of colon cancer, and polyp history. Statistically significant findings included the following: (a) The LI for those in the upper versus the lowest tertile of vegetable and fruit consumption was, proportionately, 35% lower (3.4% versus 5.3%; P < 0.001); for vitamin supplement users versus nonusers, it was 36% lower (3.3 versus 5.2%; P < 0.001); for recurrent versus incident polyp patients, it was 36% higher (6.2 versus 4.0%; P < 0.001); and for those with rectal polyps only versus those with colon polyps only, it was 28% higher (6.0 versus 4.3%; P = 0.05); and (b) the phi(h) for those in the upper ve
Clin Nucl Med. 1998 Jan;23(1):3-7.
Elimination of artifactual accumulation of FDG in PET imaging of colorectal cancer.
Miraldi F, Vesselle H, Faulhaber PF, Adler LP, Leisure GP.
Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio, USA.
BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18 labeled deoxyglucose (FDG) can detect tumor recurrences in surgical patients that are otherwise difficult to assess by CT, as well as distant metastases and small malignant nodes that are not identified by other imaging modalities. However, the evaluation of such malignancy is complicated by urinary and colonic concentrations of FDG. Methods and examples of the elimination of artifactual accumulation of FDG in PET imaging of the abdomen and pelvis are presented. METHODS: Elimination of artifactual accumulation requires patient preparation that begins with cleansing of the colon using an isosmotic solution taken the evening prior to examination. Approximately 500 MBq of F-18 FDG is intravenously administered upon arrival at the PET facility and then the patient is hydrated. After administration of furosemide, a Foley catheter with a drainage bag is placed and the patient is then scanned. Just prior to scanning over the pelvis, normal saline is delivered retrogradely into the urinary bladder. At the end of scanning, the patient voids and repeated pelvic images are obtained. RESULTS: These routines yield a clean scanning field. Lesions that will generally be missed because they are obscured by FDG accumulations along the colon or in the kidneys, ureters, or bladder are better visualized and identified with greater confidence. Artifacts that lead to misinterpretation also are reduced. CONCLUSION: Elimination of artifactual accumulation of FDG in the colon and urinary system is essential if primary cancer, associated adenopathy, or subtle recurrences are to be evaluated in FDG PET imaging of the abdomen and pelvis.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=944&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
Am J Surg. 1998 Oct;176(4):331-4.
Does large-bowel enema reduce septic complications in acute pancreatitis?
Sahin M, Yol S, Ciftci E, Baykan M, Ozer S, Akoz M, Yilmaz O, Kuru C.
Department of General Surgery, University of Selcuk, School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
BACKGROUND: The source of septic complications in acute pancreatitis was unknown until recent years. The pathogenesis of bacterial translocation from the gut has been accepted as the main source of pancreatic or peripancreatic infection. This study was designed to investigate the role of large bowel enema during acute pancreatitis in preventing bacterial translocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four Spraque-Dawley rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into two groups. Group I animals received biliopancreatic duct ligation plus colon cleansing by rectal enemas; group II animals received only biliopancreatic duct ligation. Rectal enemas were applied to the first group of animals three times, at 6, 24, and 48 hours after the operation using 10 cc sodium hydrogen phosphate solutions. All animals were sacrificed 72 hours later, and tissue samples were taken from mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreas, spleen, and liver for bacteriologic cultures via a midline laparatomy. Blood and cecum cultures were also prepared. RESULTS: Positive mesenteric lymph node cultures were found in all 12 animals in group II but in only 3 of 11 animals of group I (P <0.05). Distant organ cultures were positive in 9 of group II, but the only infected distant organ culture found in group I was the positive liver culture (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, we believe that large bowel enema can reduce the frequency of septic complications in acute pancreatitis by reducing bacterial translocation.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9817249&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
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