References: Lecithin
Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 1992;31(2):11-3.
[A program for the antenatal diagnosis and management of fetal retardation at the Obstetrical-Gynecological Clinic of the Medical University of Pleven (preliminary report)]
[Article in Bulgarian]
Stoikov S.
The goal of this preliminary report is to define the principal stages of a program for antenatal diagnosis and management in cases of IUGR that has been introduced in practice in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Medical University--Pleven. We present a modified scoring system after A. Wennergren and K. Karlsson (1982) that was distributed to all primary obstetrics care phases of the city and the region for screening of all pregnancies at risk for IUGR. alpha-FP levels in the amniotic fluid and in maternal blood serum are followed according to the indication. Ultrasound follow-up of 8 biometric parameters of the foetus is performed at 2 weeks intervals. The scoring system for foetal biophysical profile after A. Vintzileos (1983) in combination with the AF indexers is introduced as a routine practice. Foetal lung maturation is surveyed by quantitative obtaining of lecithin/sphingomyelin ration in the AF after Gluck (1974). Decision on way and time of delivery is made based on the complex results.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1342544&dopt=Abstract lecithin
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Apr 3;1280(1):115-9.
Influence of the redox state of ubiquinones and plastoquinones on the order of lipid bilayers studied by fluorescence anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene and trimethylammonium diphenylhexatriene.
Skowronek M, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Kruk J, Strzalka K.
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology, Jagiellonian Univeristy, Krakow, Poland.
The measurements of diphenylhexatriene (DPH) and trimethylammonium diphenylhexatriene (TMA-DPH) fluorescence anisotropy in egg yolk lecithin (EYL) and of DPH anisotropy in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes containing different concentrations of oxidized and reduced ubiquinone (UQ) and plastoquinone (PQ) homologues have been performed. All the oxidized UQ homologues strongly induced ordering of EYL membrane structure, whereas in DPPC liposomes, above the phase transition temperature, the most pronounced effect showed UQ-4. PQ-2 and PQ-9 were less effective than the corresponding ubiquinones in this respect. The reduced forms of UQ and PQ homologues increased the order of membrane lipids to a smaller extent than the corresponding quinones both in the interior of the membrane and closer to its surface. Nevertheless, the investigated prenylquinols showed stronger increase in the membrane order than alpha-tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol acetate, which could be connected with binding of prenylquinol head groups to phospholipid molecules by hydrogen bonds. The strong ordering influence of ubiquinones on the membrane structure was attributed to methoxyl groups of the UQ quinone rings.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8634304&dopt=Abstract lecithin
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1989 Aug;11(4):278-82.
[Effect of proglumide (PGM) on bile flow and contents in humans and animals]
[Article in Chinese]
Fang XC.
Proglumide (PGM) is a CCK/gastrin receptor antagonist. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of PGM on bile flow and the outputs of bile contents in humans and animals. Methods: 1) In patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, bile was collected through T tubes during fasting at 15 min intervals before (control) and after PGM 1.2 ingestion. Drinking water test was done under the same conditions. 2) Dogs and rats were fasted overnight, and the common bile duct was cannulated for bile collection. PGM was given intravenously in bolus. Bile flow, electrolytes, cholesterol, bilirubin, total bile acid, protein and lecithin (content) were measured in humans and dogs. The values were expressed as value per 15 min and compared with control using the Student's t-test. The results show: bile flow, outputs of HCO-3, K+, Na+, CI-, Ca++, cholesterol, bilirubin, total bile acid and protein levels all increased remarkably after PGM administration. In rats, the bile flow increased in a dose response manner between PGM dosages of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg (r = 0.795, P less than 0.001 at 15-30 min). We conclude that PGM has a choleretic effect in human as well as in animals of different species.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2532974&dopt=Abstract lecithin
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